Indicating the gender by using wordings like "he or she" and "actors and actresses". Singular "they": for example, "Each developer needs to check out the source code onto, Alternation: when giving examples, as in a technical book, alternate men and women as the case studies, but don't consistently use women as examples to highlight coding mistakes, or as just passive users of the software. 1. Having used sexist language does not mean that the person who used it had sexist intent. This tends to convey the message that gentlemen are the intended audience, and highlights the woman in the room in a way which at best feels awkward, but can become threatening if the audience targets the woman for unwelcome attention. . Hacker, D. (1998). In this sentence, his is used as a generic form because it is intended to refer to any doctor, male or female. Using Non-Sexist Language When writing, it is a courtesy to your readers to use language that does not demean or stereotype men or women. Sexist Language: A Modern Philosophical Analysis. Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. human achievements. Grammarians sometimes argue that pronouns like "they" and "their" are plural and thus are poor substitutes for singular third person pronouns. Use a plural form. The Kathleen Jones White Writing Center provides tutoring services, workshops, and writing resources. Spender, Dale. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. If you think of other commonly used gender specific terms and/or their gender-neutral equivalents that I have missed, please let me know by e-mail via the "Contact" link at the bottom of this page so I can eventually add them here. A student who has a question concerning a grade should consult with the teacher. ", International Center for Research on Women (ICRW), Equality and Human Rights Commission (UK), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gender-neutral_language&oldid=987448819, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, business person/person in business, business people/people in business, mail carrier, letter carrier, postal worker, salesperson, sales associate, salesclerk, sales executive. [8][9] Other gender-specific terms, such as actor and actress, may be replaced by the originally male term; for example, actor used regardless of gender. The information on this page was adapted from: However, the date of retrieval is often important. ." Reading a document where every pronoun is male can be like nails on a chalkboard to female readers. Bedford/St. The goal is to keep the language as inoffensive as possible, similar to the idea of political correctness. https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/non-sexist-languageusage, "NON-SEXIST LANGUAGE/USAGE In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. nonsexist#1) Virginia L. Warren, Chapman College APA Committee on the Status of Women in the Profession Foreword The following Guidelines were originally published in the Proceedings and Addresses of the American [15] When the gender of the person referred to is unknown or indeterminate, the third-person pronoun he may be avoided by using gender-neutral alternatives – possibilities in English include singular they, he or she, or s/he. In English, this includes use of nouns that are not gender-specific to refer to roles or professions, as well as avoidance of the pronouns he, him and his to refer to people of unknown or indeterminate gender. As the public becomes increasingly aware of gender identities that don't strictly fit under "man" or "woman," we're running into an issue: Most languages were created with the gender binary in mind. humanity, people, human beings. Alternatives to "guys" include: folks, everyone, people, y'all. Representative Try them in your writing! Following is a list of gender-specific words/terms with their recommended gender-neutral equivalents. At one time, “man” referred to both men and women; however, it is now associated primarily with adult males. Here’s a list of 25 everyday job titles that might benefit from gender-neutralization. Vetterling-Braggin, Mary, ed. The following Guidelines were originally published in the Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association in February 1986 (Vol. Solving the problem of sexist language is not simply substituting one word for another. The standard text on the subject of non-sexist language is Miller and Swift's "Handbook of Nonsexist Writing". To balance things out, this linguistic guide is designed to get people speaking less sexist lingo. If nobody had a problem with it, you would not have received a request about it. Non-sexist language (gender-generic, gender-inclusive, gender-neutral, or sex-neutral language) is language that attempts to refer neither to males nor females when discussing an abstract or hypothetical person whose sex cannot otherwise be determined. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Some job titles suggest only men may hold such positions. "NON-SEXIST LANGUAGE/USAGE This is usually the best choice. [18] It has become common in some academic and governmental settings to rely on gender-neutral language to convey inclusion of all sexes or genders (gender-inclusive language).[19][20]. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. man’s achievements. The goal is to keep the language as inoffensive as possible, similar to the idea of political correctness. Lots of communication habits are deeply ingrained: changing the way you write or speak does sometimes take extra effort. Below is some information which presents non-sexist alternatives for sexist language. [1] For example, the words policeman[2][3] and stewardess[4][5] are gender-specific job titles; the corresponding gender-neutral terms are police officer[6][7] and flight attendant. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Guidelines for Non-Sexist Use of Language 1. Non-sexist language. See SEXISM. Establishing the Efficiency of Three Different Gender-Fair Language Strategies", "The processing of the Dutch masculine generic zijn 'his' across stereotype contexts: An eye-tracking study", "Can Gender-Fair Language Reduce Gender Stereotyping and Discrimination? Pashto is spoken by about 12 million people in e Afghanistan…, Hungarian •antipodean, Crimean, Judaean, Korean •Albion •Gambian, Zambian •lesbian •Arabian, Bessarabian, Fabian, gabion, Sabian, Swabian •amphibian,…, MOTHER TONGUE. Douglas Hofstadter's A Person Paper on Purity in Language clearly illustrates the issue. This page was last edited on 7 November 2020, at 03:14. With practice, it does get easier. 147-60). Encyclopedia.com. Although the extent of this may still vary from country, it is now becoming more common and acceptable to use gender-neutral terms when writing and speaking in English. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1980. The words/terms that I have included on the list are what I consider to be the most frequently encountered in day-to-day writing and speaking. A general term for the language of the childhood home, learned ‘at one's mother's knee’, often used synonymously with NATIVE LANGUAGE.…, Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors, https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/non-sexist-languageusage. Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language. Historically, the use of masculine pronouns in place of generic was regarded as non-sexist, but various forms of gender-neutral language became a common feature in written and spoken versions of many languages in the late twentieth century. Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. It's under several ISBNs, but the most common are. NON-SEXIST LANGUAGE/USAGE. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. . If a student has a question concerning his grade, he should consult with his teacher. Example of nonsexist language using second-person pronoun: If you forget to bring your book to class, you will be assessed a … 7-51), and discusses the history of the generic use of 'man' and 'he' (pp. Gender-neutral language or gender-inclusive language is language that avoids bias towards a particular sex or social gender. To man up. We suggest an alternative gender-neutral title for each. Examples include programming languages and also logics su…, Pashto (Pushto) One of the two major languages of Afghanistan, the other being Persian. [10][11][12] Some terms, such as chairman,[13][14] that contain the component -man but have traditionally been used to refer to persons regardless of sex are now seen by some as gender-specific. Encyclopedia.com. A lot of discussion of gender-neutral and sometimes, nonsexist  language centres around pronouns. Gender-Neutral Words and Terms As English speaking Western cultures and societies have evolved over the past few decades, the use of gender-specific language has (is becoming) a thing of the past. Non-sexist language. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1980. Eliminate the male pronoun altogether. Foreword. Contact site editor or department at (203) 432-0828, https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/608/05/, https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/608/06/. For example: Gendered terms like "man", "men", "dude" or "guys" are often used by people who say they mean to include women as well. ." Martin's. Sexist Language: A Modern Philosophical Analysis. The use of inclusive language in documentation and other communications is one way that geeky communities can better include women. Informal Writing. Alternatives. 1. Spender, Dale. The above list is not exhaustive, although I did try to compile the most complete list of gender- neutral equivalents that I could when I researched and wrote this page. "NON-SEXIST LANGUAGE/USAGE Retrieved October 16, 2020 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/humanities/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/non-sexist-languageusage. 471-482). ." Examples. A language with explicit and precise rules for its syntax and semantics. As both men and women, we need to identify sexist language and call it out for what it is. Non-sexist language (gender-generic, gender-inclusive, gender-neutral, or sex-neutral language) is language that attempts to refer neither to males nor females when discussing an abstract or hypothetical person whose sex cannot otherwise be determined. source: Sexist Job Titles and the Influence of Language on Gender Sterotypes. Legislator. Here are some alternatives: Member of Congress Avoiding the use of "him/her" or the third person singular pronoun "they" by using "the" or restructuring the sentence all together to avoid all three. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. 16 Oct. 2020 . For "man-hours", try "hours of work", "hours of labor", "engineer hours". Sometimes you have to rewrite the entire sentence as in the following examples. Singular "they" and the many reasons why it's correct, out of print but this is the one found in libraries, Guidelines For Singular They in Technical English, https://geekfeminism.wikia.org/wiki/Nonsexist_language?oldid=35640, "Each developer needs to check out the source code onto, "If you have a problem with the way the GM is running the game, talk to. Spender gives a good summary and critique of the general literature on sexist language (pp. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Good arguments to the contrary include: If you can't bring yourself to accept "they" and "their" as singular pronouns, think of it this way: if you're going to choose between exclusive language that normalizes the idea that women don't belong and misused plural pronouns, the latter is a lot more attractive. However, continuing to include sexist language, and fighting against a change away from sexist language, has sexist effects regardless of intent.

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